{"id":4143,"date":"2024-04-29T23:01:18","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T06:01:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abovecloud.xyz\/?p=4143"},"modified":"2024-04-29T23:03:22","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T06:03:22","slug":"how-universities-are-cracking-down-on-a-swell-of-tension-months-into-student-protests-over-israels-bombardment-of-gaza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abovecloud.xyz\/?p=4143","title":{"rendered":"How universities are cracking down on a swell of tension months into student protests over Israel\u2019s bombardment of Gaza"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

With tension mounting over an encampment in support of Palestinians at New York\u2019s Columbia University<\/a>, police strode onto campus this month and arrested more than 100 demonstrators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On the cusp of the close of the academic year, university communities across the nation remain on edge, not only over flares of political action but also what response, if any, it might compel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Soon, dozens more students protesting the monthslong assault on Gaza were arrested at New York and Yale<\/a> universities. At the University of Texas at Austin<\/a>, police in riot gear and on horseback moved to disperse a like-minded demonstration, while nearly 100 at the University of Southern California<\/a> also got arrested. Then at Emory University in Atlanta<\/a>, law enforcement deployed pepper balls to break up a pro-Palestinian action, arresting 28, including several professors<\/a>. At Boston\u2019s Emerson College<\/a>, another 108 protesters were arrested, with four officers hurt. And 91 people \u2013 54 of them students \u2013 were arrested and charged with trespassing overnight into Monday at Virginia Tech<\/a> after they refused police orders to disperse, the university said<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While the latest run of arrests has commanded outsized attention, US colleges have been using law enforcement \u2013 along with academic suspensions and, for at least one school, expulsion \u2013 to try <\/strong>t\ufeffo <\/strong>bring to heel student demonstrations since Hamas\u2019 October attack on Israel<\/a> left more than 1,200 dead and dozens taken hostage. Israel\u2019s devastating counterpunch in Gaza \u2013 with more than 34,000 Palestinians killed, according to its health ministry \u2013 has further fueled deeply held views of students and faculty on all sides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amid US students\u2019 broad insistence their tactics are peaceful, administrators often have decried campus protests as disruptive, with some \u2013 including at\u00a0Indiana University,<\/a>\u00a0George Washington University<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0California State Polytechnic<\/a>\u00a0University\u2019s Humboldt campus \u2013 employing school rules governing use of public spaces to threaten or enact discipline or call for police backup.

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Implicit in the crackdowns is a built-in tension of higher education: balancing the role of campuses as bastions of free speech while ensuring the safety of students, including those who are Jewish and have expressed concern for their well-being<\/a> in the face of antisemitism that\u2019s surged nationally since October 7 and has occasionally been seen at or near \u2013 or conflated with<\/a> \u2013 pro-Palestinian campus demonstrations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Administrators lately have seemed quicker to levy consequences against campus demonstrators than they were six months ago, according to Zach Greenberg of the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression, or FIRE, a non-partisan, non-profit civil liberties group defending free speech with a focus on colleges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But, he said, calling in police carries risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is a \u201cdrastic action\u201d that \u201cshould be reserved for only the most direct and severe threats to campus safety,\u201d Greenberg said. Further, doing so threatens to \u201cerode\u201d the trust between universities and students, who may see \u201cpolice officers in riot gear arresting their classmates, maybe their professors.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIn many ways, it\u2019s a dark time for college campuses that may have to do that.\u201d

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

College officials\u2019 responses to Israel-Hamas war protests also have unfolded against a global debate over the US role in the conflict, as well as an intensifying race for the White House and control of Congress that\u2019s seen elite college presidents hauled to Capitol Hill<\/a> and even forced out<\/a> of their jobs as the major parties jockey for moral and political ground.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To some, the surge in universities\u2019 reliance on police to break up the protests illustrates an unwillingness by officials to truly engage with students and their demands, which usually include\u00a0pulling institutional investments<\/a>\u00a0from companies whose work directly or indirectly supports Israel or its military apparatus, or profits from the war.

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cInstead of engaging (protesters), they are cracking down,\u201d said Dima Khalidi, executive director of Palestine Legal, which has for months represented students in disciplinary hearings brought by their universities. She called the police response across many campuses a \u201cconcerning and problematic escalation of repression and state violence against students\u2019 peaceful protests against an ongoing genocide.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAll of this is a distraction to take our eyes away from Gaza, where mass graves are being found, where people are being starved to death, where 35,000 Palestinians have been killed,\u201d she said. \u201cThat\u2019s what students are trying to bring attention to.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, the power of civil disobedience \u2013 a long tradition<\/a> among American college students \u2013 is derived, at least in part, from protesters\u2019 willingness to accept the consequences, Greenberg said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMany times, the severity of the consequences adds to the persuasive power of the protest,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018Ready to \u2026 put our bodies on the line\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Many students seem prepared to accept consequences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Standing outside an encampment last week at Brown University in Rhode Island<\/a>, Arman Deendar \u2013 their neck draped in a keffiyeh<\/a> \u2013 told CNN, \u201cWe\u2019re out here and we\u2019re ready to risk suspension and arrest to put our bodies on the line because we believe that this moment is truly going to change.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At Deendar\u2019s side was Rafi Ash, a sophomore and member of Jews for Ceasefire Now, who stressed the protest is not new at Brown, which in recent days doubled down<\/a> on its commitment to enforce its Green Space Usage policy with discipline up to and including \u201cseparation from the institution\u201d as well as law enforcement response and arrest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ash told CNN he was one of 20 students arrested following a sit-in on November 8. The charges were later dropped, according to the Brown Daily Herald<\/a>, but 41 students arrested the following month in similar circumstances still face charges, which protesters now want dropped<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe had the same demand now as we did then, which is divestment from companies that are complicit in the genocide in Gaza,\u201d Ash said, echoing the wider demands.

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beyond criminal charges lies the ultimate academic punishment: expulsion. It was levied on Jack Petocz, a 19-year-old freshman, and others who were kicked out of Vanderbilt University in Nashville after more than two dozen students affiliated with the Vanderbilt Divest Coalition staged a 21-hour sit-in at an administrative office, he told CNN and the group has said<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The demonstration was prompted by the university\u2019s cancellation of a vote on an amendment to the student government constitution to prohibit that group\u2019s funds from being spent on targets<\/a> of the worldwide Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement,<\/a> Petocz said. Students were denied access to food, water, bathrooms and medical attention over the course of the sit-in, which concluded with some arrested, including Petocz, he told CNN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

All who participated, Petocz said, were issued interim suspensions \u2013 removed from campus and denied access to their dorms and dining halls. Within days, after a disciplinary hearing at which Petocz claims he was wrongfully accused of assaulting an administrative staff member \u2013 he faces a misdemeanor assault charge \u2013 the university expelled him, he said. At least two others were expelled, another suspended and more than 20 students put on probation, Vanderbilt Divest Coalition<\/a> said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt\u2019s incredibly jarring,\u201d Petocz said, noting he has appealed. \u201cI would be the first person in my family to have a bachelor\u2019s degree \u2013 from Vanderbilt University, of all places. It meant a lot for me to go to a college like this.\u201d

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vanderbilt University declined to discuss disciplinary actions taken against students, citing federal privacy laws and directing CNN to earlier statements<\/a> about the incident. Students \u201cforcibly entered\u201d the administrative building on March 26, those statements said, and three faced misdemeanor assault charges for \u201cpushing a Community Service Officer as well as a staff member who offered to meet\u201d with protesters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Separately, the referendum on the BDS resolution \u201cdid not move forward because of potential conflict with federal and state laws,\u201d the university told CNN in a statement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Petocz has experience with \u201cinstitutional repression,\u201d he said: In high school, he was a prominent opponent<\/a> of his home state of Florida\u2019s so-called \u201cDon\u2019t Say Gay<\/a>\u201d bill and was suspended after distributing Pride flags<\/a> at his high school, he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It\u2019s because of his history as an activist that he believes he was admitted to Vanderbilt in the first place, and he feels the university wants \u201cto make an example out of me.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018We\u2019ll do what we have to do\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Other schools that reportedly have suspended students in response to their protests over the conflict in Gaza include Barnard College in New York,<\/a> Harvard University near Boston<\/a> and Pomona College, one of Southern California\u2019s seven Claremont Colleges where at least 19 people were arrested following an early April sit-in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Protests had gone on this academic year largely without administrators interfering with Pomona Divest from Apartheid, a coalition of student groups demanding<\/a> the college \u201cdisclose and divest\u201d its $2.8 billion endowment from \u201call weapons manufacturers and all institutions that aid the ongoing occupation of Palestine.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But the tenor changed April 3, when Pomona College\u2019s president sent a message to the university community, decrying the \u201charassment targeting visitors to our campus\u201d and telling students continued violation of the student code \u201cis subject to disciplinary action.\u201d Masked student protesters\u2019 refusal to identify themselves also was \u201cunacceptable,\u201d it said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Then school staff and security on April 5 began dismantling an \u201capartheid wall\u201d where pro-Palestinian demonstrators had gathered, said Samson Zhang, a student journalist at Pomona College. Soon after, the sit-in happened at Alexander Hall, recalled nearby Pitzer College\u2019s Mita Banerjee, a member of Faculty for Justice in Palestine who said she saw the arrests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Banerjee had \u201cnever seen this kind of militarized police force used against students and against student protesters who were not a threat,\u201d she told CNN. \u201cIt was understood that this was legitimate protest and that you negotiate, and you have conversations, and that\u2019s how you resolve things.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Claremont Police confirmed<\/a>\u00a019 people were arrested for trespassing at the request of school administrators, with one other arrested for \u201cobstructing\/delaying an officer.\u201d Arrestees enrolled at Pomona College were suspended, and while several have successfully appealed their suspension orders, others remain suspended, Banerjee told CNN, which has reached out to Pomona College.

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Other US universities, meanwhile, have levied community-level consequences tied to pro-Palestinian demonstrations. The University of Southern California<\/a> canceled its main commencement ceremony in May days after it canceled the commencement speech of its Muslim valedictorian<\/a>, citing security concerns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

University of Michigan\u2019s president\u00a0admonished protesters<\/a>\u00a0who in March interrupted the 101st Honors Convocation, saying in a statement the school is reevaluating rules, seeking feedback on a new draft policy about \u201cdisruption of university operations, including academic and social activities,\u201d among other events.

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That\u2019s done little, though, to deter student activists with the Transparency, Accountability, Humanity, Reparations, Investment and Resistance, or TAHRIR, Coalition, the group that led the demonstration at the honors event, demanding the University of Michigan divest from all companies and entities that support Israel\u2019s military and economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt\u2019s horrifying to see what is happening,\u201d said Shubh Agrawal, a spokesperson for the group that has been holding demonstrations since last fall, including one at which students were arrested during a sit-in Agrawal said was aimed at demanding a meeting with school officials about divestment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Police then were aggressive, Agrawal told CNN. Forty people were arrested for trespassing after forcing entry to a locked building, said university spokesperson Colleen Mastony, noting demonstrators were warned repeatedly before being arrested; two police officers were injured, she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Still, the group persists: Last week, about 100 students set up an encampment on campus and plan to stay there until the university divests, Agrawal said, committed to \u201cstaying here for the long haul.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe\u2019ll do what we have to do.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018Students take very seriously their role\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Civil liberties groups have urged universities to be measured in response to protests, underscoring demonstrators\u2019 rights to free speech: In response to arrests at New York University last week, the New York Civil Liberties Union<\/a> said, \u201cCity and campus officials should take great care to distinguish between controversial speech, which helps students and society develop, and actual threats.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOfficials,\u201d the organization said, \u201cshould not conflate criticism of Israel with antisemitism or use hate incidents as a pretext to silence political views they oppose.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are, of course, limits to free speech, which \u201cends at violence,\u201d said Greenberg, noting schools have an \u201cobligation\u201d to preserve security and safety. \u201cIt ends at true threats, serious intent to commit unlawful violence, it ends at discriminatory harassment,\u201d he said, and potentially at disruption.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Still, some question whether all pro-Palestinian protesters are interested in honest dialogue. Adam Lehman, the president and CEO of the Jewish campus organization Hillel International, called the free speech argument a \u201cred herring.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cUnfortunately, a lot of students who understandably want to think about and express compassion toward Palestinians \u2013 hopefully they think the same towards Israelis, the victims of 10\/7 and others who\u2019ve been so adversely impacted \u2013 they\u2019re getting, in my view, co-opted into a political movement that, as we have seen, has been marked by hateful, discriminatory and violent speech and actual harassment and violence spawning from those protests,\u201d Lehman told CNN\u2019s Dana Bash.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But the suppression of dissent on campus \u2013 and the continued US military aid sent to Israel \u2013 sends a signal to Palestinian students and their allies \u201cthat they don\u2019t matter,\u201d Palestine Legal\u2019s Khalidi said. Still, they \u201cremain undeterred, because they understand what\u2019s at stake here.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThey understand that they are morally in the right,\u201d she said. \u201cThey understand that they are in a long tradition of crucial student activism for justice from the anti-Vietnam War movement to the civil rights movement and beyond.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe see that students take very seriously their role, their moral obligation to speak out and to mobilize their own communities, to speak out against injustice,\u201d Khalidi said. \u201cAnd I think history will judge them kindly.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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